Daniel Lerner

Lerner was Ford Professor of Economics at the Massachusetts institute of Technology (MIT). He became a visiting professor of economics and social sciences at MIT for three years starting in 1953, an associate professor of economics in 1956, and a full professor of economics and political science in 1958. He became a Life Fellow of the International Institute of Arts and Letters in 1962, and retired from teaching in 1976.

Lerner obtained his doctorate from New York University in 1948, submitting a dissertation about the conduct of psychological warfare against Germany during the time between D-Day and VE-Day, which was published as Sykewar (1949).

Daniel Lerner (1917 - 1980) was an American scholar and writer known for his studies on modernization theory. Lerner's study of Balgat Turkey played a critical role in shaping American ideas about the use of mass media and US cultural products to promote economic and social development in post-colonial nations. In 1958, he wrote the seminal book The Passing of Traditional Society: Modernizing the Middle East. Scholars have argued that the research project that formed the basis of the book emerged from intelligence requirements in the US government, and was a result of the contract between the Office of International Broadcasting and Columbia University.

Lerner's involvement in the Bureau of Applied Social Research project that Traditional Society was based on has been criticized to be violating ethical considerations of research. The research was conducted as a field survey in Turkey, Greece, Germany, Lebanon, Israel, Syria, Egypt, Iraq, Iran & Jordan, with special focus on Turkey. In all, 1600 interviews were used for the book. Samarajiva writes that even though the original purpose of research had been said to be about empathy and media participation, many of the questions in the survey had to do with foreign radio broadcast and sentiments regarding US, UK and USSR. The questionnaire consisted of 9 questions about movies, 17 about newspapers and 49 about radio. Of the 49 questions about radio, 23 were about foreign broadcasting. In fact, Samarajiva writes that,