Carlos Marighella

His father was an Italian immigrant and his mother was a Brazilian national descended from slaves brought to the country in the 19th century.

He was shot while being arrested, although some stories say he was arrested and then shot, and imprisoned again, but released by a court in 1965.

He was so effective in organizing resistance to the government that they spent years hunting him down, and its secret police finally tracked him to a movie theater in Rio de Janeiro in 1964.

Cralos Marighela, a leader in the Brazilian anti-government guerrilla movement in the 1960s, was born in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.

Marighela traveled to Communist China in the early 1950s, at the invitation of that government, and stayed for almost a year, honing his "revolutionary" skills. He returned to Brazil and put into action the skills he had learned.

He continued his anti-government activities, including the reorganization of the decimated PCB, and was again arrested in 1939. This time he stayed in prison for six years until he and other political prisoners were released when the military dictatorship that ran the country was replaced.

He became involved in revolutionary politics while attending the Bahia Polytechnic School, and in 1934 joined the Brazilian Communist Party (PCB). He was arrested two years later for "subversive activities", thrown into prison and tortured, being released a year later, after which he went underground.