Hazel Hill

After school, Hill studied medicine at a university in London and joined the Royal Army Medical Corps after graduating in 1943. At the end of the war, she became a GP and in 1948 married Chris Baker, who was one of the soldiers she had treated in the war. The couple moved to Wednesbury, West Midlands, where she got a job setting up a child health clinic in the newly formed National Health Service. She later trained as a psychiatrist and published research into school phobia, anorexia and autism.

She was only 13 when she helped her father calculate how many guns the new generation of Spitfires and Hurricanes would need to bring down enemy aircraft. The pair used calculating machines, which were rudimentary computers, at the kitchen table of their London home. The new plane was to have four guns that fired 1,200 bullets a minute and many thought that this would be more than enough. Her father was not so sure. In June and July 1934 they worked at night to create the evidence that her father's boss needed to underwrite a large change in the design. They realised that 256 bullets would be required in two seconds to bring down an enemy bomber at the increased speeds of the new aircraft, and for this eight guns were required.

The RAF publicly acknowledged Hill's important role in a BBC documentary. Group Captain James Beldon said: "What a great inspiration to young people today, and young girls in particular, who can look upon someone like Hazel in the 1930s making such an important contribution to our later success in the Battle of Britain, which was vital to this country's survival."

Hazel Bertha Hill (21 July 1920 – 28 September 2010) was a British general practitioner, probably best known for her contribution in changing an Air Ministry specification of firepower to be carried by new fighter aircraft before the Second World War.